12/10/2019
As the year winds to a close, you have the opportunity to look at your tax situation to identify tax savings or deferral options that may you help decrease your tax liability. Here is a summary of various tax law provisions and related, year-end tax planning tips.
Itemized deductions. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), the standard deduction doubled beginning in 2018 ($24,400 for joint filers in 2019), which drastically reduces the number of taxpayers who itemize deductions on Schedule A. With this newer, elevated threshold, taxpayers may consider bunching their deductions every other year to produce a higher deduction over a two-year period. In other words, taxpayers could prepay some deductible expenses, such as state estimates, before year-end, or defer and pay after year-end.
Property taxes. Under the TJCA, the deduction for state and local taxes is now capped at $10,000. This is something to take this into account as you help clients plan on paying expenses and deductions. When prepaying property taxes, remember that they are only deductible in the current year if the tax is assessed by the governing body in the same year; otherwise they are deductible in the following year.
Charitable contributions. If you’re age 70½ or older and hold an IRA account, clients may be able to benefit by making a qualified charitable distribution to possibly reduce their above-the-line income. In addition, with a donor-advised fund, the taxpayer receives an immediate tax deduction and recommends grants from the fund over time.
Retirement contributions. Planning for retirement typically makes financial sense – and there are a variety of plans available to individuals that allow a tax-favored way to save for retirement. It’s smart to consult with a financial planner before deciding on a plan that best suits the individual. Lower income taxpayers may be eligible for the Retirement Savings Contribution Credit, or saver’s credit.
Two types of plans for individuals include:
Elective deferrals [401(k) type plans]: Contributions can be deducted and the earnings on the contributions grow tax free until the money is distributed from the plan. Sometimes, the employer may provide matching funds. A designated Roth option allows the taxpayer to pay tax on contributions, but distributions are fully tax-free. Help your clients boost pre-tax contributions prior to year-end to reduce their income.
IRA plans: Contributions to traditional IRAs are deductible, and the earnings grow tax free until the money is distributed. Contributions to Roth IRAs are not deductible, but the earnings and distributions are excluded from income tax. Contributions to these retirement plans can be made up until the due date of the tax return.