09/03/2026
With an FHA loan, extenuating circumstances can sometimes help explain derogatory credit, particularly when the borrower’s problems were caused by something beyond their control and the borrower has since re-established good credit.
According to FHA Handbook 4000.1, the key is documentation and showing that the circumstances were beyond the borrower’s control.
Examples of potential extenuating circumstances
Some common situations that may be considered include:
Serious illness or major medical event
Death of a wage earner in the household
Significant loss of income
Involuntary job loss or layoff
Major reduction in hours or pay
Natural disaster that caused financial hardship
Military deployment or service-related circumstances that created a financial disruption
Major uninsured or unexpected financial expense
Bankruptcy caused by circumstances outside the borrower's control
The important part is that simply having one of these events isn't automatically enough. The lender needs to establish a clear connection between the event and the derogatory credit, and determine that the situation isn't likely to recur.
Here's a big one to remember
Divorce by itself is generally NOT considered an extenuating circumstance under FHA.
However, FHA does provide a specific exception in certain foreclosure situations—for example, if the mortgage was current when the borrower divorced, the ex-spouse received the property, and the mortgage subsequently went into foreclosure.
Also, being unable to sell a previous home because of a job transfer or relocation generally does not qualify as an extenuating circumstance for the FHA foreclosure exception.
What I would want to see as a loan officer
If you're trying to make a case for a borrower, I'd build the file around:
1. What happened?
2. When did it happen?
3. How did it affect their income/finances?
4. Why did that cause the late payments/default?
5. What has changed since then?
6. Why is it unlikely to happen again?
7. What documentation proves the story?
For example, if someone lost their job and fell behind on credit cards:
Layoff letter → unemployment records → bank statements showing income loss → explanation of the late payments → new employment → 12+ months of re-established payment history.
That's much stronger than simply writing, "I lost my job and couldn't pay my bills."
One important distinction: FHA's treatment can differ depending on whether you're dealing with late payments, bankruptcy, foreclosure, short sale, or other derogatory credit, so the exact circumstance matters.