07/27/2023
The Federal Reserve unanimously voted to raise interest rates yesterday by the expected .25bps. This marks the 11th rate increase in the Fed Funds rate since March of 2022, bringing the rate to ~5.50%. This is the highest level since 2001. The 25bps result was all but a foregone conclusion, so we didn’t see much movement until 2:30, when a hush fell over the crowd as Jerome Powell took the podium. Among some of the shocking revelations (or maybe, not so shocking): Not exactly shocking, as we’ve heard this all before from Powell. No news was good news as far as bonds were concerned yesterday. Powell kept his cards close to his chest per the usual: When asked about the possibility of further hikes in September, he basically found 50 different ways to say “we might, we might not…”. He went on to reiterate, The Fed remains data dependent (we get two major jobs reports and two PCE and CPI inflation readings before the September decision). Aside from that, his lips are sealed: Now What?
Where we are now is purely an inflation fight. Bloomberg economists came up with 3 scenarios that I’ll share here (highly paraphrased to keep is short):
Mild Recession – Bloomberg and the Fed believe this is the most likely scenario in late 2023 or early 2024. Inflation slows / Unemployment Rises
Inflation Stuck at 3% - Inflation stuck at just above 3% after mid-2024 and labor market remains tight. Could push rates higher for longer.
Fed Stop and Go – In this scenario, it’s a worst case because the Fed Funds rate isn’t high enough, soon enough and we see this saga play out over a longer period of time.
Outside of Bloomberg, most estimates are the Fed will cut rates sometime in 2024. Even the Mortgage Bankers Association has estimates that mortgage rates will fall over the next year giving solace to those that transact today to know that a low-cost refinance could be in their future.
So far today, bonds are in the Red due to jobless claims coming in lower than forecast at 221k vs 235k and GDP came in stronger than expected at 2.4% vs the 1.8% forecast. These data points are moving the opposite direction the Fed wants to see. Tomorrow, we get the Fed’s preferred measure of inflation being PCE, hopefully the data is friendly and shows inflation cooling.