09/19/2024
๐ซค Why Mortgage Rates Havenโt Fallen???
I wanted to share some insights into the Federal Reserveโs recent decision to cut rates and how it ties into their broader economic projections, as well as why mortgage rates havenโt yet fallen in response.
Yesterdayโs Fed Action:
The Federal Reserve cut the current Fed Funds Rate of 5.33% by 50 basis points to 4.875%, bringing the target range to 4.75% - 5% from the prior target range of 5.25% - 5.5%
๐Looking ahead, they project additional rate cuts, including:
* 25bp cut on November 7
* 25bp cut on December 18
* A total of 100bp in additional cuts forecasted for 2025
Economic Projections
The Fed will be looking at many economic factors in determining the speed and magnitude of cuts in 2025.
Some of those are:
* Inflation (Core PCE): Currently at 2.6%, the Fed projects it to stay at 2.6% by the end of 2024 and decline to 2.2% by 2025.
* Unemployment: Currently at 4.2%, the Fed expects it to rise slightly to 4.4% by the end of 2024, maintaining that level into 2025.
* GDP Growth: The economy is currently growing at 3%, but the Fed anticipates this will slow to 2% by the end of 2024 and remain at that level in 2025.
Key Takeaways from
๐Jerome Powellโs Press Conference
* No Recession Expected: Powell emphasized that the Fed does not foresee a recession. Both spending and economic growth have remained resilient.
* 50bp Cut as a Signal: Powell made it clear that the 50bp cut should be seen as a sign of the Fedโs commitment to not fall behind the inflation curve, not a cadence that markets should expect moving forward. He stressed that the Fed doesnโt believe they are behind the curve.
* Inflation and Rents: While market rents are starting to decrease, Powell noted that it will take time for these reductions to filter into the broader inflation data, further complicating the path to lower long-term rates.
๐ Why Mortgage Rates Havenโt Fallen ๐ซค
It is important to remember that the bond market is forward looking and the Federal Reserve rate cuts were already built into the market. We have seen rates come down over the last 4-6 weeks in anticipation of these cuts starting. Even though the Fed is lowering short-term interest rates, mortgage rates are influenced by a broader set of factors.
Some are shown below.
1. Inflation Expectations: Despite the rate cuts, inflation expectations have a significant influence on long-term bond yields, which determine mortgage rates. As long as inflation remains above the Fedโs target, mortgage rates may stay elevated.
2. Quantitative Tightening (QT): The Fed is continuing with its QT program, allowing its balance sheet to roll off. This action puts upward pressure on long-term interest rates, including mortgages, counteracting the effects of the rate cuts.
3. Market Sentiment and Economic Stability: Even though job gains have slowed, the economy is still solid. Investors are cautious about future inflation and economic performance, which keeps the yield on the 10-year Treasury note elevated, a key determinant of mortgage rates.
Looking Ahead
While the Fed has signaled that more rate cuts are on the horizon, itโs important to remember that mortgage rates donโt always move in lockstep with the Fed Funds Rate. The broader economic outlookโincluding inflation, employment, and bond market conditionsโwill continue to play a crucial role in determining where mortgage rates head next.
I hope this explanation clarifies the relationship between the Fedโs actions and mortgage rates. Let me know if youโd like to discuss this further or have any other questions!