07/02/2026
*Buying and Selling Homes Among Family Members*
Most real estate transactions occur between unrelated parties. However, within many families, it is not uncommon for homes to be transferred between parents and children, siblings, or other relatives. In recent years, we have seen a growing number of parents helping their children become homeowners by selling a property at a price below its market value.
Because these transactions take place between family members, many people assume the process is simpler than a traditional home sale. From a mortgage lending perspective, however, family transactions often receive closer scrutiny than transactions between unrelated buyers and sellers.
In the mortgage industry, these are referred to as non-arm's length transactions. This term describes a sale in which the buyer and seller have a pre-existing relationship, such as parent and child, siblings, relatives, or business partners. Since the parties involved may have interests beyond the sale itself, lenders carefully review these transactions to ensure they are legitimate and properly documented.
One of the lender's primary concerns is determining the property's true market value. For example, if parents sell a home worth $700,000 to their child for $500,000, the lender will evaluate whether the difference represents a gift, whether the sales price is reasonable, and how the transaction should be structured.
A common tool used in these situations is a Gift of Equity. When a home is sold below market value, some or all of the difference between the appraised value and the sales price can be treated as a gift from the seller to the buyer. In many cases, this gift of equity can satisfy all or part of the buyer's down payment requirement, making homeownership more affordable for the next generation.
Even when the transaction is between family members, lenders still require an appraisal to verify the property's market value and support the transaction structure. In addition, lenders often conduct more detailed reviews of gift documentation, sources of funds, and occupancy intentions than they would in a standard purchase transaction.
When properly structured, a family home sale can be an excellent way to help a child purchase a first home while reducing the financial burden of a large down payment. However, many families encounter unexpected challenges because they assume the process will be less formal than a traditional real estate transaction. Additional documentation requests and underwriting requirements can often delay or complicate the process if not anticipated in advance.
For this reason, families considering a home sale between relatives should consult with a mortgage professional before signing a purchase contract. Proper planning can help ensure a smooth transaction and allow both parties to take full advantage of financing options and benefits that may not be available in a conventional home sale.