Ashraf Electric power sector Pvt. Limited,Gkp,Uttar Pradesh,India

Ashraf Electric power sector Pvt. Limited,Gkp,Uttar Pradesh,India Myself mohd.mursalin and I am an engg. in electrical engg. with (i.c).I wish to make my owe company to produce electric power and make myself independent. II. I.

Introduction:-This power generation is situated at ashraf nagar ,Gorakhpur,uttar Pradesh,India. At here lines is distributed at various part of the city. Which can be used electricity in emergency situations and it can be provided in emergency to the other situations. The lines are distributing electricity Ahmad nagar, , dewarya, ashraf nagar, maharajganj and gorakhpur with the help of 66MVA and 4

0MVA step up/step down transformers. Those supplies are transmitted to various areas, feeders with help of O.C.B and isolators. There is a capacitor bank at 132 KV ,33 KV and 11 KV Bus bar which is used for improving the power factor and bus bar voltage. I want to create the Power sector in the future. I want you to like my page, so that in the future I teach my Power zone. Has not started it yet. Further it is my wish to make. Founder
S.M.M.Qadri

C.B:- circuit breaker is a self-operated switch which is used for making and breaking the circuit in requisite condition. These normal and abnormal condition in which circuit are designed for operation are called requisites condition
i.e. following condition for current and apparent power in which device can be operated.
1. Fault condition
2. Lead condition
3. Magnetizing current condition of transformer.
4. Charging current condition of cable.
5. No load condition. Duties of circuit breakers: - Main duties of circuit breakers are as follows:
I. All the current follows in it medium without overheating. It breaks and makes the circuit in the pressures and absent of normal load current. III. At abnormal magnitude caused by over load current and short circuit current for which it is designed it breaks the circuit in very less time and carefully by automatically operation. Classification of circuit breakers: - Circuit breakers are classified as following:
A. According to voltage
I. Low voltage circuit breakers
II. High voltage circuit breakers
B. According to capacity(KVA,MVA)
I. Low capacity circuit breakers
II. High capacity circuit breakers
C. According to insulating medium between the electrodes. Air circuit breakers
II. Oil circuit breakers
III. Water circuit breakers
IV. Hard gas circuit breakers
V. Vacuum circuit breakers
VI. SF6 circuit breakers
i. Air circuit breakers :- air circuit breakers are of three types:
a) Simple air circuit breaker
b) High capacity circuit breaker
c) Air blast circuit breaker
ii. Oil circuit breakers :- these are two types:
a) Bulk oil circuit breakers
b) Minimum eril circuit breakers
These are used so many circuit breakers at this transmission substation such as air blast circuit breakers, oil circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers etc. At 33kv line and bus bar air blast and SF6 gas circuit breakers are used. At 132KV lines and bas bar ABCD are used and 33KV lines vacuum circuit breakers, oil circuit breakers, SF6 circuit breakers are used.

03/03/2021

Control room: - It is situated in the Centre of the sub-station and Distance from yard. All the apparatus and machine are controlled from here. These apparatus are situated in control room.
1. Fuses: - For protection of low voltage.
2. Relays:-There are uses in relays of various types for the protection of Transformer.
3. Indication and Measuring in power: - For the measurement of various electrical quantities, many instruments are used as:-Ampere meter, Volt meter, power factor meter, frequency meter, energy meters.
4. Remote control switches: - Remote control switches of circuit breaker.
One also situated on control panel.
5. Carrier current equipment:- For the controlling of operation of generating Station and sub- station .There is need to transform the message for this purpose .There is an arrangement of carrier current equipment to line control room of sub-station.
6. Fire- fighting equipment: - It is very essential arranges firefighting equipment for protection from sub-station.

04/11/2019

Protection of transformers: - The faults which may develop in the transformers are classified into two parts. 1. internal fault 2.external fault internal fault are two types 1.core fault 2.winding fault I.Core fault develop because of local heating after failing the insolation .
II. Winding fault is developed because of failures of the insolating of winding .it is the main causes of internal fault.
Over loading because of short circuit, unbalanced load fault and over voltage fault in bus bar and feeder are external fault which develops in feeders and bus bar situated both side of it ckt of circuit breaker.
Three system of protection are used for the protection of transformer.
(1) Earthleakage merges price system.
(2) Simpleself-balanceprotections system.
(3) Biased differential protection system.
(4) Corebalance earth leakage protection system.

25/02/2019

Isolator: - it is devices which compute the work of making and breaking the electrical circuit only in no load condition.
According to place of use isolators are of two types.
1. Indoor type isolator
2. Outdoor type isolator
Indoor type isolator: - there are two contacts in type isolator
Moving contact (b) fixed contact. There is a hole at the top at fixed contact .the top of moving contact is plug type. When truck is pulled out side moving contact of isolator became isolated from fixed contact. Indoor type isolators are generally three or four pole type.
Outdoor type isolator: - these are classified into two parts.
(a) Single pole (b) triple pole
Triple pole isolators are made group operated. There are operated by hand or motor while single pole isolators are only hand operated. Triple pole isolators are used for above 50kv.
Earth links: - at the transmission substation the metallic enclosure of all the apparatus are earthed for safety purpose. For earthling the transmission substation generally plate earthling or often pipe earthling is used made from earthling plates.
If any fault developed because of failing of insolation the non-current carrying metallic parts get high electric potential i.e. from enclosures supports and metallic parts etc. if they are touched by any person or rendering animals then current flows touch point and earth because of potential difference. It current may be so high the creature may die.so it’s very essential that all the structure or equipment is earthed.

The
23/09/2016

The

24/09/2015

1
ELECTRIC MOTORS
INTRODUCTION
Electric motors are so much a part of everyday life that we seldom
give them a second thought. When we switch on an electric drill,
for example, we confidently expect it to run rapidly up to the correct
speed, and we do not question how it knows what speed to run at, or
how it is that once enough energy has been drawn from the supply to
bring it up to speed, the power drawn falls to a very low level. When we
put the drill to work it draws more power, and when we Wnish the power
drawn from the mains reduces automatically, without intervention on
our part.
The humble motor, consisting of nothing more than an arrangement
of copper coils and steel laminations, is clearly rather a clever energy
converter, which warrants serious consideration. By gaining a basic
understanding of how the motor works, we will be able to appreciate
its potential and its limitations, and (in later chapters) see how its
already remarkable performance can be further enhanced by the addition
of external electronic controls.
This chapter deals with the basic mechanisms of motor operation, so
readers who are already familiar with such matters as magnetic xux,
magnetic and electric circuits, torque, and motivational e.m.f can probably
avoid to skim over much of it. In the course of the discussion, however,
several very important general principles and guidelines emerge. These
apply to all types of motors and are summarized in Section 1.8. Experience
shows that anyone who has a good grasp of these basic principles
will be well equipped to weigh the pros and cons of the dive-rent types of
motor, so all readers are urged to absorb them before tackling other
parts of the book.

Capacitor bank: - capacitive compensation is required to abrade following ill effect of uncompensated power system.Incre...
12/09/2015

Capacitor bank: - capacitive compensation is required to abrade following ill effect of uncompensated power system.
Increased voltage drop resulting in power regulation.
Undesirable losses sending the line efficiency to go down a value less than the designed.
Unnecessary utilization of thermal capabilities and burdening of lines. Transformer and cables due to lighter current.
Extra cost in current due to 1, 2 and 3 above.
There are large amount of harmonics introduced in system due to pulsating loads and separating system component which cause’s distortion in wave forms differential to certain consumer equipment.
Consumers have to pay heavy penalties an account of power factor etc.
There are two types of compensator.
Series compensator
Shunt compensator
Series compensator: - series compensators are used for line reactors compensation for increasing steady state transmission capabilities enhancing stability and improving voltage regulation.
Shunt compensator: - shunt compensator are employed for setting the reactive power generated by overhead lines and inductive loads which results into premature saturation of power system source.
E.g. generator, transformer and transmission.

C.T:-at this transmission substation a number of current transformers are used. These current transformer are used with ...
12/09/2015

C.T:-at this transmission substation a number of current transformers are used. These current transformer are used with low ammeters to measured high current in high voltage A.C circuit where it is not possible to connect instrument of or ammeter directly from high voltage line in addition to instrument of insulate from high voltage it stop down the current in known ratio.
The current transformer has a primary coil of very few turns of thick wire connected in series with the line that’s current to be measured. The secondary coil consists of a large number of turns of thin wire and it is connected across the ammeter terminals.
As required voltage the current transformer is of step-up type. But it is sure that current will be step down. thus if the current transformer has primary to secondary ratio of 100:5 then it step-up the voltage 20 times where as it step down the current to 1/20 times of its.

Potential transformer: - potential transformers are used to operate voltmeters. The potential coil of wattmeter’s and relays from high voltage lines. the primary winding of the potential transformer is connected across the line carrying the voltage circuit to be measured by across secondary winding .the design of potential transformer is quite similar to that of a proper transformer .but the load of a potential transformer are used to measure the high voltage. The potential transformer is also used for operating the relays in control circuit.
For safety the secondary winding it is completely insulated from the high voltage of primary side and commanded for secondary protection of the operator.

Lighting arrestor: - These apparatus which divert the surge current towards the earth are called lighting arrestors or l...
12/09/2015

Lighting arrestor: - These apparatus which divert the surge current towards the earth are called lighting arrestors or lighting divertor. Main cause of over voltage is due to lighting. It may be of two types.
Directly lighting stroke
Indirectly lighting stroke
The electrical discharging of various charge in atmosphere which develop between clouds in the sky or between earth and clouds is called lighting arrestors are situated in electrical sub-station for protection of electrical overhead lines and apparatus used in overhead lines from lighting. There are connected between the earth and lines at the sub-station. When the travelling surge current reached the diverters and attains the prefixed voltage a spark is formed across the gap. Then the diverter provides a low impedance path to earth. It is necessary in order to protect the lines and limit the insulation of the equipment. However it is not possible that the surge diverter should provide a path of low resistance impedance only when the surge reaches the surge divertor.

Transformer:- Transformer is a static device or machine that transform electrical energy from one circuit to another ci...
12/09/2015

Transformer:- Transformer is a static device or machine that transform electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit through magnetic medium that circuit which is connected from supply mains is called primary winding and which is connected to load is called secondary winding as transformer has no moving parts so it is called static device. At the sub-station there are two transformers 40 MVA and other 20 MVA .There are connected in direct 33 KV bas bar and the transformers of 40 MVA and 20MVA are made BHARAT BIJLEE LTD. and NGEF LICENCE AEG respectively. The transformers are also used in direct 11 KV Bas bar. 40MVA transformers are there are have three types of winding.
Primary winding
Secondary winding
Tertiary winding
Only primary and secondary winding are used and tertiary winding is not used for safe operation. Tertiary winding is earthed. The ratio between winding as following primary/secondary 33 /11 KV.

Protection of transformers: - The faults which may develop in the transformers are classified into two parts. 1. internal fault 2.external fault internal fault are two types 1.core fault 2.winding fault I. Core fault develop because of local heating after failing the insolation .
II. Winding fault is developed because of failures of the insolating of winding .it is the main causes of internal fault.
Over loading because of short circuit, unbalanced load fault and over voltage fault in bus bar and feeder are external fault which develops in feeders and bus bar situated both side of it ckt of circuit breaker.
Three system of protection are used for the protection of transformer.
Earth leakage merges price system.
Simple self-balance protections system.
Biased differential protection system.
Core balance earth leakage protection system.

Necessary instructions for battery operationDry cell battery must be clean and airy. Battery cell electrolyte temperatur...
12/09/2015

Necessary instructions for battery operation
Dry cell battery must be clean and airy. Battery cell electrolyte temperature should not exceed 450C .
In cell battery electrolyte level is low, add distilled water to complete.
Required density and voltage of each battery cell electrolyte under each week by Engineer Power supply should be discontinued
All terminal connections should be tight, but these should be fitted with petroleum jelly, green copper sulphate to be cleaned and put petroleum jelly.
1210 is set at 270C relative density of each cell. Temperature should be in accordance with the 1210±5.
In the event of full charge each cell should be 2.2 to 2.16
Stand must be clean and dry cell batteries.
Open spark, lighted cigarette or other burning objects into the battery cell does not take.
Use insulated T & P.
Use apron rubber gloves and glasses to check the electrolyte or to changing times.
The acid and corrosion on the battery top should be washed off with a cloth moistened with baking soda or ammonia and water.
The battery terminals and metals supports should be cleaned down to bare metal and covered with Vaseline or petroleum jelly.

Power tools necessary instructions regarding the movement.Loaded without opening the breaker does not open any related i...
12/09/2015

Power tools necessary instructions regarding the movement.
Loaded without opening the breaker does not open any related isolator.
If any circuit breaker is not closed. Note the following points.
Absence of full charge of air pressure or spring. Get full charge of air pressure or spring.
If you have not been reset, reset tripping relays.
DC circuit breaker Supply fuse / MCB check.
If you are burned, replace breaker closing coil.
The trip or trip circuit fault circuit immediately on Healthy bulbs do not burn deputy division engineer officer inform inferior.
Isolator with earth or stones on either side of the blade against the respective line.
Back online after shutdown of any tools and related equipment not turn on until as long as it does not ensure that the T & P and the man had to move out and earth chain / earth blade have to be removed from there.
Meaning only when the device earths chain a line and have been living with the power.
Do not run on transformer overload, overload conditions deputy division engineer officer or inferior to inform.
In any case, do not load from the battery supply.
Keep in mind that (TRENCHES) rainy days are filled with long periods of time in the water remove it.
Summers marshaling of additional transformer and cubical box of circuit breaker do not close off the heater.
Transformer oil level in the conservator tank quarter of not less than.
Protection in the event of failure of any alarm or any equipment without complete information will not run.
Buchholz of transformer or transformer differential protection in the event of trips related to the opening of the circuit breaker and remove the isolator And instantly deputy division engineer officer or inferior to inform and not turned on.

Address

Gorakhpur
273001

Telephone

+917860234472

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