11/01/2026
Can the US Stock Market's Year-End Rally in a Midterm Election Year Repeat This Year?
Looking at the annual cyclical performance of the S&P 500 from 1928 to 2025, the index has often begun a new upswing around the end of October, whether or not it was a midterm election year. We refer to the phenomenon below as the "year-end rally." Notably, in midterm election years this year-end rally has usually been stronger than in non-election years (Figure 1). In other words, going by nearly a century of historical cycles, the S&P 500 should in theory still have room to climb further between now and the end of the year.
That said, cyclical analysis rests on historical statistics. It can serve only as a reference and does not mean past patterns will repeat this year. More importantly, the average path of the S&P 500 across midterm election years over the past century shows the index moving broadly sideways in a choppy range for the first ten months (light blue line in Figure). Its average maximum drawdown in the second half of those years reached double digits, at 13.8%, with a median of 12.0%.
This year, US stocks have departed clearly from that traditional pattern. Instead of falling, the S&P 500 has risen 10.5% year-to-date. Its maximum drawdown in the second half of this year has been just 4.1% so far. That is the second lowest of the past 16 midterm election years, above only the 3.6% recorded in 2006.
Against this backdrop, the absence of a deeper correction so far this year raises considerable uncertainty over whether the final year-end rally will be as strong as those seen in previous midterm election years. More importantly, investors should perhaps focus on whether the artificial intelligence (AI) investment boom that has been driving the US market higher is approaching a turning point, potentially altering the market’s trajectory towards year-end.