05/13/2026
Most people think they've done everything right by maxing out their 401(k) for 30 years.
They haven't made a mistake. But they may have an expensive surprise waiting.
Here's how it works: the IRS doesn't let your retirement accounts grow tax-deferred forever. Once you turn 73 (or 75 if you were born in 1960 or later), you're required to start taking money out — whether you need it or not. These are called Required Minimum Distributions, or RMDs.
The problem isn't the withdrawals themselves. It's the math.
If you've done a good job saving, you might have $1.5 million or more sitting in pre-tax accounts by the time you retire. At 73, your RMD on a $1.5M IRA balance is roughly $58,000 — added on top of Social Security, any pension, and other income. That can push you into a higher tax bracket than you were in during your working years.
And Social Security isn't a safe harbor either. Once your income crosses certain thresholds, up to 85% of your benefit becomes taxable. Add Medicare IRMAA surcharges, and retirement income planning gets complicated fast.
The window to address this is the years between retirement and when RMDs begin. It doesn't stay open long.
I put together a guide that walks through how pre-retirees can use this window strategically. If you're 55–72 with significant pre-tax savings, it's worth a read.
Download the Roth Conversion Guide →
Required Minimum Distributions are coming whether you're ready or not. If you have $500,000 or more in a 401(k) or IRA, a Roth conversion strategy can put you in control of what you owe - before the IRS decides for you. Here are some items that are covered in our guide below: