11/02/2026
INCOTERMS
EXW (Ex Works)：The goods are delivered at the seller’s warehouse/factory. The buyer bears all responsibilities for transportation, customs clearance, and risks from this point onward. This is the term with the least liability for the seller.
FCA (Free Carrier)：Risk and liability transfer to the buyer once the seller delivers the goods to the carrier (e.g., a truck) designated by the buyer. Applicable to any mode of transport.
FOB (Free On Board)：Risk transfers from the seller to the buyer once the goods are loaded onto the vessel at the port of shipment. Only applicable to sea or inland waterway transport.
CFR/CIF (Cost and Freight / Cost, Insurance and Freight)
CFR: The seller is responsible for transporting the goods to the port of destination and paying the freight. Risk transfers when the goods are loaded onto the vessel at the port of shipment.
CIF: On the basis of CFR, the seller is also required to purchase marine insurance for the goods.
DAT (Delivered at Terminal)：The seller is responsible for transporting the goods to the agreed terminal (e.g., a terminal warehouse) at the port/place of destination and completing delivery after unloading.
DAP (Delivered at Place)：The seller is responsible for transporting the goods to the named place of destination (e.g., the buyer’s warehouse door), but is not responsible for unloading or import customs clearance.
DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)：The seller is responsible for transporting the goods to the buyer’s designated place and bears all costs and risks, including import customs clearance and duties. This is the term with the greatest liability for the seller.
