17/07/2024
Benin is recognized as the oldest kingdom in Nigeria and the second oldest in Africa, follow by Sahelian kingdom of Ghana, which dates back to the 11th century. Historical evidence suggests that Benin origins can be traced back to the 4th century, with some accounts asserting its existence since ancient times, unrecorded and known only through oral tradition.
Greek historian Herodotus, often regarded as the father of history, mentioned Benin as one of five ancient African cities between 3000 and 1000 BC. According to BBC UK, the Kingdom of Benin flourished in the rainforest by the 600s AD, influencing the art and religion of neighboring cultures, including Ife, which emerged later in the 900s and reached its peak from the 1400s to the 1600s.
In the broader context of West African history from 700 to 1600, several great empires such as Ancient Ghana, Mali, and Songhai thrived through extensive gold trading. The Ife Kingdom, was established in 1170 CE and neighbored Benin. Historical accounts, including Olumense (1971), confirm that the first ruler to establish kingship in Ife hailed from Benin.
The ethnic roots of many West African tribes, spanning Nigeria, Benin Republic, Ghana, and Gambia, can be traced back to Benin. This historical lineage underscores Benin's profound influence and cultural significance across the region.
Benin, situated in what is now southern Nigeria, remains a pivotal cultural and historical center, revered for its ancient origins and enduring cultural legacy. It stands as a testament to prehistoric habitation and the continuity of its traditions, predating written historical records.
Professor Olusegun Olumide.
Nigeria, West Africa
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