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07/12/2025

*🚨 𝗡𝗦𝗘 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗱 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗙&𝗢 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿.*

A 15-minute reform that will reshape trading behavior from Dec 8 2025.

𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲’𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗯𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗱𝗼𝘄𝗻 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱 👇

*𝟭. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗵𝗶𝗳𝘁*

For the first time ever, NSE will start a Pre-Open Session in the F&O segment.

9:00 – 9:15 AM.
A 15-minute auction before the market opens.

𝗧𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝘀 𝘄𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗲 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝗯𝗲𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝘆𝗼𝘂 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻 𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗸 “𝗕𝘂𝘆”.

*𝟮. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗶𝗺𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲*

🕒 9:00 – 9:08 AM → Order entry, modify, cancel

⚙️ 9:08 – 9:12 AM → Order matching & trade confirmation

⏳ 9:12 – 9:15 AM → Buffer before normal session

Your first trade at 9:15 AM will already have a discovered price behind it.

*𝟯. 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁’𝘀 𝗜𝗻𝗰𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲𝗱*

✅ Current-month futures (stocks + indices)

✅ Next-month futures during the last 5 days before expiry

🚫 Not applicable to Options or Spread contracts

🚫 Skipped on corporate-action ex-dates

*𝟰. 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗜𝘁 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀*

💡 Smoother opens → less volatility

📊 Stronger liquidity → deeper order book

🔍 Transparent price discovery → fairer ex*****on

F&O will finally open like global derivatives markets - clean, calculated, credible.

*𝟱. 𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝗜𝘁 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀*

* Orders collected in a call-auction pool
* Opening price = Equilibrium price where max volume executes
* Unmatched limit orders carry forward to the regular session
* No changes allowed during matching

𝗜𝗻 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘁 → 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗯𝗲 𝗮𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻-𝗱𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗻, 𝗻𝗼𝘁 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗼𝘀-𝗱𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗻.

*𝟲️. 𝗥𝗶𝘀𝗸 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹𝘀 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘆 𝗧𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁*

🛡️ Margin validation before order acceptance

⚙️ STPC (Self-Trade Prevention) active in pre-open

📉 Limit & Market Price Protection recalibrated using equilibrium price

09/09/2025

1. P/E Ratio (Price to Earnings Ratio)

👉 Formula: Share Price ÷ EPS (Earnings per Share)
• मतलब: एक रुपये की कमाई के लिए निवेशक कितनी कीमत चुका रहा है।
• Low P/E = शेयर सस्ता लग सकता है (undervalued)
• High P/E = शेयर महँगा लग सकता है (overvalued), पर growth companies में justified भी हो सकता है।

⸻

🔹 2. P/B Ratio (Price to Book Value Ratio)

👉 Formula: Share Price ÷ Book Value per Share
• Book Value = Assets – Liabilities ÷ Shares
• P/B < 1 = शेयर assets से भी सस्ता मिल रहा है (value pick हो सकता है)।
• P/B बहुत ज्यादा = शेयर महँगा हो सकता है।

⸻

🔹 3. ROE (Return on Equity)

👉 Formula: Net Profit ÷ Shareholders’ Equity × 100
• बताता है कि shareholders के पैसे पर कंपनी कितना return कमा रही है।
• अच्छा मानक: >15%

⸻

🔹 4. ROCE (Return on Capital Employed)

👉 Formula: EBIT ÷ (Equity + Debt) × 100
• बताता है कि कंपनी ने equity + debt दोनों से पैसा कितनी efficiently इस्तेमाल किया।
• अच्छा मानक: >15%

⸻

🔹 5. EPS (Earnings per Share)

👉 Formula: Net Profit ÷ No. of Shares
• हर शेयर पर कितनी कमाई हो रही है।
• EPS बढ़ना चाहिए year by year।

⸻

🔹 6. Dividend Yield

👉 Formula: (Dividend per Share ÷ Share Price) × 100
• बताता है कि आपको dividend के रूप में कितनी % return मिल रही है।
• High dividend yield = steady cash return वाली कंपनी।

⸻

🔹 7. Debt to Equity Ratio

👉 Formula: Total Debt ÷ Shareholders’ Equity
• बताता है कंपनी पर कितना कर्ज है equity के मुकाबले।
• Safe level: 3

⸻

🔹 9. Current Ratio

👉 Formula: Current Assets ÷ Current Liabilities
• Short-term obligations चुकाने की क्षमता।
• Safe level: >1.5

⸻

🔹 10. Operating Profit Margin (OPM)

👉 Formula: Operating Profit ÷ Sales × 100
• बताता है core operations से कितनी profitability है।
• High OPM = strong pricing power और efficient business।

⸻

🔹 11. Net Profit Margin (NPM)

👉 Formula: Net Profit ÷ Sales × 100
• Final बचा हुआ profit percentage।
• High NPM = company cost control और efficiency में अच्छी है।

⸻

🔹 12. PEG Ratio (Price/Earnings to Growth Ratio)

👉 Formula: (P/E ÷ EPS Growth Rate)
• बताता है कि P/E growth के हिसाब से justified है या नहीं।
• PEG < 1 = undervalued
• PEG > 1 = महँगा हो सकता है।

⸻

🔹 13. EV/EBITDA (Enterprise Value / EBITDA)

👉 Formula: (Market Cap + Debt – Cash) ÷ EBITDA
• बताता है कि पूरी कंपनी खरीदने पर actual valuation क्या होगी।
• EV/EBITDA < 10 generally अच्छा माना जाता है।

⸻

🔹 14. Free Cash Flow (FCF)

👉 Formula: Operating Cash Flow – Capital Expenditure
• बताता है कि expansion करने के बाद कंपनी के पास कितनी cash बच रही है।
• Positive FCF = strong financial health।

⸻

🔹 15. Earnings Yield

👉 Formula: EPS ÷ Share Price × 100
• P/E ratio का उल्टा।
• बताता है कि शेयर में invest करने पर आपको earning yield कितनी मिल रही है।

09/09/2025

1. Business & Industry Understanding
• कंपनी किस sector में काम कर रही है? (Banking, Pharma, IT, FMCG आदि)
• उस sector का growth trend और competition कैसा है?
• क्या कंपनी का Unique Business Model / Moat (खासियत) है?

⸻

🔹 2. Management Quality
• Promoters का background और reputation कैसा है?
• Promoter holding (%) कितनी है? (बहुत कम होने पर जोखिम बढ़ता है)
• क्या promoters ने pledged shares गिरवी रखे हैं?
• Corporate governance scandals तो नहीं हैं?

⸻

🔹 3. Financial Statements Analysis

📌 Profit & Loss Statement (P&L)
• Sales Growth: क्या पिछले 5–10 सालों में consistent growth है?
• Profit Growth: Net Profit लगातार बढ़ रहा है या नहीं?
• Operating Profit Margin (OPM): Operating profit ÷ Sales (उच्च होना चाहिए, और improve होना चाहिए)।
• Net Profit Margin (NPM): Net profit ÷ Sales (जितना ज्यादा उतना अच्छा)।

📌 Balance Sheet
• Debt to Equity Ratio: Ideally < 0.5 होना चाहिए (कम कर्ज वाली कंपनियाँ सुरक्षित होती हैं)।
• Reserves & Surplus: लगातार बढ़ना चाहिए।
• Cash Balance: Healthy होना चाहिए।

📌 Cash Flow Statement
• Operating Cash Flow (OCF): Positive होना चाहिए।
• Free Cash Flow (FCF): Expansion के बाद भी cash बच रहा हो।

⸻

🔹 4. Key Ratios
• P/E Ratio (Price/Earnings): Share की price उसकी earnings की तुलना में महंगी या सस्ती है?
• P/B Ratio (Price/Book Value): Assets की तुलना में शेयर की कीमत कैसी है?
• ROE (Return on Equity): >15% अच्छा माना जाता है।
• ROCE (Return on Capital Employed): Capital efficiency दिखाता है, >15% अच्छा है।
• EPS (Earnings per Share): हर शेयर पर कितनी कमाई हो रही है?
• Dividend Yield: Investors को dividend कितना दे रही है?

⸻

🔹 5. Growth Potential & Future Outlook
• कंपनी के Products / Services की future demand कैसी है?
• क्या R&D, Innovation या Market Expansion कर रही है?
• Government policy support है या risk?
• Sector में long-term demand है या temporary boom?

⸻

🔹 6. Valuation & Intrinsic Value
• Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) या other valuation methods से check करें।
• Current price vs intrinsic value compare करें (Undervalued stock अच्छा investment हो सकता है)।

⸻

🔹 7. Other Factors
• Competitor comparison (Peers से बेहतर है या कमजोर?)
• Market share कितना है?
• Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) / Domestic Institutional Investors (DII) holding कैसी है?

⸻

✅ Summary:
Fundamental analysis में हमें Business Model + Management + Financials + Ratios + Growth Outlook + Valuation सब देखना चाहिए।

10/08/2025

DOMS INDUSTRIES Q1 Result

• Net Profit ↑ 10% YoY at ₹57.27 cr | ↑ 18% QoQ

• Revenue ↑ 26% YoY at ₹562 cr | ↑ 11% QoQ

• EBITDA ↑ 14% YoY at ₹98.74 cr | ↑ 12% QoQ

• EBITDA Margin at 17.56% vs 19.41% (YoY) and 17.34% (QoQ)




30/07/2025

🚨 Tata Motors to acquire Italian truck maker Iveco for $4.5 billion in landmark global deal

Biggest acquisition of Tata Motors Even bigger than JLR Purchase

Good Decision or Bad ?







27/07/2025

NSDL IPO vs CDSL – What Every Investor Should Know 🧵

1. NSDL’s IPO opens July 30 – August 1, 2025, with anchor bidding on July 29. It’s a pure OFS of ~₹4,011.6 crore—no fresh capital raised

2. Price band: ₹760–₹800 per share. Grey Market Premium is ~₹145–155 (+18 %), signaling robust interest.

3. Key comparison: NSDL vs CDSL
• NSDL (est. 1996, linked to NSE) is the oldest, trusted by institutions like mutual funds and insurance firms.
• CDSL (est. 1999, backed by BSE) is more retail-focused and listed since 2017. NSDL is an OFS from major shareholders like NSE, IDBI, SBI, HDFC, SUUTI

4. Five Differences Investors Should Know
• Demat accounts: NSDL ~3.88 crore vs. CDSL ~14.65 crore (Dec 2024)

• Assets per account: ~₹1.25 cr (NSDL) vs ₹5 lakh (CDSL)
• Issuers registered: 64,535 (NSDL) vs 31,557 (CDSL)
• DP Service Centres: ~63,542 (NSDL) vs ~17,883 (CDSL)
• Unlisted companies: 53,169 under NSDL vs 21,295 under CDSL

5. Performance snapshot ahead of IPO
• NSDL unlisted shares down ~20% from highs
• CDSL stock up ~44% over the past year—highlighting investor tilt toward retail momentum

NSDL is institution-heavy, high ticket, and asset-intensive.

CDSL is retail-driven, high volume, and growing fast.

IPO may be better suited for investors backing long-term infrastructure plays.

20/06/2025

In 1949 China was poorer than Sudan
90% people were poor-GDP per person Rs.4000
Life expectancy-just 36 yrs

Nobody believed China could ever catchup with the West

Then came Mao Zedong
Nationalised everything-Forced farming & steel production-But caused a famine-Over 3cr people died

1978:Deng changed everything
Opened the economy-Started SEZ(like Shenzhen)
-Tax breaks
-Foreign Investment
-Loose rules
Shenzhen grew from a village to Rs.40L cr economy

1980–90:Made in China dominated world-Cheap labour & solid infrastructure
2001:Export boom-5x in 10 yrs
2010:Moved from copying to innovation-Built tech giants
2015:Aimed to Dominate in AI,green tech,robotics,aerospace

2020:Faced global heat-COVID-US sanctions-Taiwan tension
China’s response
Boost Internal demand
Build own tech power

Today
USD 19T Economy
Top manufacturer
Controls 90% rare earth minerals

But at a cost of
High surveillance-Huge real estate debt-Falling birth rate(1.09)

China didn’t copy West
It built its own model & changed the world economy










20/06/2025

: CO CHAIRMAN SAYS DEMERGING PROCESS IS UNDERWAY || WILL BE OPERATING AS 2 LISTED COMPANIES BY END OF CALENDAR YEAR

CO CHAIRMAN SAYS EACH BUSINESS—COMMERCIAL VEHICLES, PASSENGER VEHICLES AND JLR—ARE HEALTHY

CO CHAIRMAN IS FOCUSED TO MPROVE MARKET SHARE IN SMALL COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SEGMENT || GOING FORWARD, VOLATILITY WILL CONTINUE TO MARK ECONOMIC CYCLES

DISRUPTIONS WILL BE VISIBLE MORE IN AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR









20/06/2025

BIOCON: CO RAISES ₹4,500 CRORE VIA FIRST EQUITY FUNDRAISE SINCE 2004 IPO

13/06/2025

Iran Vows to Continue Nuclear Program Despite Israeli Strikes

Israel launched airstrikes on Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs overnight and continues to carry out attacks into Friday

Iran has vowed reprisals and sent drones toward Israel, raising the risk of a wider war

The UN atomic watchdog says there are no signs of increased radiation at Iran’s main enrichment site. The airstrikes did kill the commander of Iran’s Revolutionary Guard

Trump called on Iran to make a deal “before it’s too late.” The US says it knew of the Israeli attack beforehand but was not involved.

Crude oil surged 13% but has given up some gains, while US stock futures are weaker

(Bloomberg)

11/06/2025

Reliance Defence, a subsidiary of Reliance Infrastructure, has expanded its strategic partnership with Germany’s Diehl Defence to focus on the urgent delivery of the Vulcano 155mm precision-guided ammunition system, a next-generation long-range artillery shell designed for enhanced accuracy and effectiveness.

Reliance Defence also announced plans to establish a greenfield manufacturing facility for the Vulcano system in the Watad Industrial Area in Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra, supporting domestic production under India’s ‘Make in India’ and defence indigenisation initiatives.

Reliance Defence estimates that this opportunity could generate up to ₹10,000 crore in revenue.









11/06/2025

On Asian Paints Investec

Investec maintains 'sell' rating on Asian Paints with a target price of Rs 2,080.

Believe Akzo Nobel’s decorative business sale is likely to further intensify competition.

Competition is posing multiple challenges for Asian Paints.

Return on capital employed has fallen sharply to the lowest levels in the last two decades.

Revenue per dealer declined for the second consecutive year in the financial year 2025.

International subsidiaries and the home decor segment are struggling.

Management expects intense competition to sustain.

Morgan Stanley Morgan Stanley remains 'underweight' on Asian Paints with a target price of Rs 1,909 apiece.

Believes the share price will fall relative to the country index over the next 60 days.

Expects the de-rating in multiples to continue.

Forecasts Asian Paints to lose approximately 209 basis points of market share in the overall decorative paints segment over the financial years 2025–28.

Asian Paints currently trades at a discount to discretionary stocks such as Titan, and this discount is expected to continue.










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